ABSTRACT
This study measured the prevalence of cases of domestic violence against women and some associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. Data were collected through a remote survey during 2020. The sample included 47,819 women aged 15 years and older. Jointpoint regression and logistic regression models were used. The prevalence of violence was 11.5%, which decreased in July and subsequently increased. The associated factors were being unemployed (OR = 2.01; 95%CI 1.89-2.16); being partially and totally quarantined (OR = 1.58; 95%CI 1.43-1.75 and OR = 1.47; 95%CI 1.32-1.63); being a caregiver of children; being a caregiver of elderly and/or suffering from a chronic illness (OR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.19-1.36; OR = 1.42; 95%CI 1.33-1.53; OR = 1.59; 95%CI 1.47-1.73); losing a family member to COVID-19 (OR = 1.26; 95%CI 1.13-1.41); and binge drinking (OR = 1.94; 95%CI 1.78-2.12). The confinement measures increased gender inequalities, economic problems and workload which further evidenced violence against women.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de la ideación suicida (IS) y su asociación con los determinantes sociales (DS) en la pobla-ción mexicana durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Material y métodos. Datos de la encuesta de Atención Psicológica a Distancia para la Salud Mental debido a la Contingencia por Covid-19 obtenidos durante 2020. La muestra fue de 79 665. Se realizaron modelos de regresión logística obteniendo razones de momios (RM) con intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%). RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de IS fue de 17.1% (mujeres:18.8% y hombres: 14.4%). Principales DS asociados fueron: ser mujer (RM=1.11; IC95% 1.06,1.13), mujeres jóvenes (RM=1.30; IC95% 1.09,1.54), escolaridad (RM=1.89; IC95% 1.14,3.12), soltera(o) (RM= 1.31; IC95% 1.24,1.38), desempleo (RM= 2.33; IC95% 2.21,2.45), distanciamiento social (RM 1.81; IC95%1.68,1.96), vivir solo (RM 1.18; IC95% 1.10,1.27), pérdida de familiar por Covid-19 (RM= 1.41; IC95%1.30,1.54), tener un diagnóstico de depresión (RM= 5.72; IC95% 5.41,6.05), ser víctima de violencia física (RM=2.71; IC95% 2.49,2.95), consumo excesivo de alcohol (RM=1.68; IC95%1.58,1.79) y drogas (RM= 3.13; IC95% 2.88,3.41), y sospecha o diagnóstico de Covid-19 (RM=1.79; IC95% 1.67,1.89). CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de IS durante la pandemia por Covid-19 fue elevada; se discute la relevancia de los DS estructurales e intermedios que influyen en la IS.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Suicidal Ideation , Humans , Mexico , Pandemics , Social Determinants of Health , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The mental health problems and perceived needs of healthcare workers involved with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) may vary due to individual and contextual characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate healthcare workers' mental health problems during the common COVID-19 exposure scenario in Mexico, comparing those on the frontline with other healthcare workers according to gender and profession, determining the main risk factors for the most frequent mental health problems. METHODS: A cross-sectional online study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 5,938 Mexican healthcare workers who completed brief screening measures of mental health problems and ad hoc questions about sociodemographic professional characteristics, conditions related to increased risk of COVID-19 infection, life stressors during the COVID-19 emergency, and perceived need to cope with COVID-19. RESULTS: The identified mental health problems were insomnia, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), all of which were more frequent in frontline healthcare workers (52.1, 37.7, and 37.5%, respectively) and women (47.1, 33.0 %, and 16.3%, respectively). A lack of rest time was the main risk factor for insomnia (OR = 3.1, 95%CI 2.6-3.7, p ≤ 0.0001). Mourning the death of friends or loved ones due to COVID-19 was the main risk factor for depression (OR = 2.2, 95%CI 1.8-2.7, p ≤ 0.0001), and personal COVID-19 status was the main risk factor for PTSD (OR = 2.2, 95%CI 1.7-2.9, p ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The most frequent mental health problems during the common exposure scenario for COVID-19 in Mexico included the short-term psychological consequences of intense adversity. A comprehensive strategy for preventing mental health problems should focus on individuals with cumulative vulnerability and specific risk factors.